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Часть текста: and this part of the interview is given below. The rest, represented by some fifty pages typed from the tape, is too colloquial and rambling to suit the scheme of the present book. As with Gogol and even James Agйe, there is occasionally confusion about the pronunciation of your last name. How does one pronounce it correctly? It is indeed a tricky name. It is often misspelt, because the eye tends to regard the "a" of the first syllable as a misprint and then tries to restore the symmetrical sequence by triplicating the "o"-- filling up the row of circles, so to speak, as in a game of crosses and naughts. No-bow-cough. How ugly, how wrong. Every author whose name is fairly often mentioned in periodicals develops a bird-watcher's or caterpillar-picker's knack when scanning an article. But in my case I always get caught by the word "nobody" when capitalized at the beginning of a sentence. As to pronunciation, Frenchmen of course say Nabokoff, with the accent on the last syllable. Englishmen say Nabokov, accent on the first, and Italians say Nabokov, accent in the middle, as Russians also do. Na- bo -kov. A heavy open "o" as in "Knickerbocker". My New England ear is not offended by the long elegant middle "o" of Nabokov as delivered in American academies. The awful "Na-bah-kov" is a despicable gutterism. Well, you can...
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Часть текста: tiles. All this today is obsolete, I really don't know why; and anyway it was a matter 12 of very little moment to my friend, since he yawned equally amidst modish and olden halls. III He settled in that chamber where the rural old-timer had for forty years or so squabbled with his housekeeper, 4 looked through the window, and squashed flies. It all was plain: a floor of oak, two cupboards, a table, a divan of down, and not an ink speck anywhere. Onegin 8 opened the cupboards; found in one a notebook of expenses and in the other a whole array of fruit liqueurs, pitchers of eau-de-pomme, 12 and the calendar for eighteen-eight: having a lot to do, the old man never looked into any other books. IV Alone midst his possessions, merely to while away the time, at first conceived the plan our Eugene 4 of instituting a new system. In his backwoods a solitary sage, the ancient corvée 's yoke by the light quitrent he replaced; 8 the muzhik blessed fate, while in his corner...
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Часть текста: was V. Sirin's first book of prose, in fair copy, before me. Curiously enough, one cannot read a book, one can only reread it, as the Master once wrote. And this I did, many times, savoring the turns of phrase and the shades of words, staunch in my belief that a careful rereader, forearmed with a knowledge of what is to come, is more apt to catch the glimpses of future greatness that the prose of a first novel allows. After having considered and discarded one by one a series of clever but clumsy titles for this chapter I settled on the pedestrian choice above. Engaging in verbal legerdemain while speaking of Nabokov is a perilous and perhaps foolhardy undertaking, given his own multilingual mastery over words--one might compare it to beginning a talk on Nijinsky by stepping from behind the lectern to attempt a jeté or two. While much, indeed too much, has been written about Nabokov's English novels, much less has been said about his earliest Russian fiction. It is to this I must now turn. My editor has chided me for diverging too frequently and too widely from my subject--but what is a life if not a series of diversions from some hidden, ineffable theme? Mashen'ka opens with the tongue-twisting name and patronymic of the protagonist Ganin, Lev Glebovich, which, complains the character Alferov, "iazyk vyzvikhnut' mozhno" (7). Instantly we are made aware of the potential treachery of words. With Alferov's statement a few paragraphs later that "vsiakoe imia obiazyvaet," we are also reminded of their power. The first stylistic glimmer of the mature Nabokov, which comes after the brief dialogue between Ganin and Alferov of which chapter one wholly consists, is the sequence "i bubliki, i brilliantin i prosto brillianty" (17-18) a harbinger of such later alliterative lists as "the brook and the boughs and the beauty of the Beyond" 1 and "glacial drifts, drumlins, and gremlins, and kremlins." 2...
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Часть текста: Набокова Глава IV. Волшебный фонарь, или «Камера обскура» Глава IV. Волшебный фонарь, или «Камера обскура» 1 «Камера обскура» — литературное воплощение пословицы: «Любовь слепа», — писал о романе В. Ходасевич [152]. Формулировка критика по краткости опережает авторское определение романного сюжета. В английском тексте «Laughter in the Dark» [153] оно заключено в коротком абзаце: «Once upon a time there lived in Berlin, Germany, a man called Albinus. He was rich, respectable, happy; one day he abandoned his wife for the sake of the youthful mistress; he loved; was not loved; and his life ended in disaster. This is the whole of the story…» [154] Первый абзац, понимаемый как графически не выделенный эпиграф к роману [155], линеарно воспроизводит развитие сюжета от любовного ослепления к трагедии полной слепоты. Условно говоря, действие движется от света к тьме, от зримого к его полной утрате. Моторной силой движения становится любовь. Исходное положение, видимый мир, осознается героем как бесцветная, тихая, «нежная, мягкая жизнь», в которой мимо в виде молодых женщин, «невероятных, сладких, головокружительных» [156] ощущений, снов, мечтаний проходит страстная красота, вызывающая «ощущение невыносимой утраты» (с. 10). Приход любви подобен вспышке молнии [157], мистическому освещению, при котором появляется самый эмоционально насыщенный цвет — цвет страсти [158]. Освещенная таким образом жизнь делается яркой и динамичной [159]. Но по мере развития сюжета освещение оказывается ослеплением и трансформируется в полную...
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Часть текста: Hotel, in its original part really, which was all that existed a hundred and fifty years ago (you can still see that initial inn and our future windows in old prints of 1840 or so). Our quarters consist of several tiny rooms with two and a half bathrooms, the result of two apartments having been recently fused. The sequence is: kitchen, living-dining room, my wife's room, my room, a former kitchenette now full of my papers, and our son's former room, now converted into a study. The apartment is! cluttered with books, folders, and files. What might be termed rather grandly a library is a back room housing my published works, and there are additional shelves in the attic whose skylight is much frequented by pigeons and Alpine choughs. I am giving this meticulous description to refute a distortion in an interview published recently in another New York magazine-- a long piece with embarrassing misquotations, wrong intonations, and false exchanges in the course of which I am made to dismiss the scholarship of a dear friend as "pedantry" and to poke ambiguous fun at a manly writer's tragic fate. Is there any truth in the rumor that...
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Часть текста: digression. Now we must return to Madame Fat, with whom I was put in contact by the same colleague who had so inconsiderately run off in the middle of his story. The next day I told him that my aunt had recently died, that we had never been close, that there was residual ill will between us over a trifling incident involving her adolescent grandson, my nephew, many years ago, and that I sorely wished to contact her. He looked at me strangely, suspecting, I think, a joke, but surrendered the name of his friend in Omaha without asking any questions. Discretion is a rare thing indeed. I called the professor of French, who confirmed the red scarf story and enthusiatically provided Madame Fat’s address. She had moved to Lincoln, whither I betook myself the following morning by car. (For those readers keen on fatidic dates, I note that this was the 2nd of July.) Nowadays I drive a powerful white Volvo station wagon, and the trip from Cedarn to Lincoln, pleasantly free from state troopers and jack-knifed semis, was effected beneath cloudless skies in under five hours. In keeping with her name, and contrary to the description I had received of her as frailly skeletal, Madame Fat was fat. When she answered her door, this fact created a burst of cognitive dissonance that momentarily struck me dumb: I would have had no problem referring to a bony Asian lady as Madame Fat to her face, but calling a fat woman Fat strayed well beyond the bounds of my personal sense of decorum. I quickly began considering a series of alternative pronunciations, Faht, Fate, Fuht, when she beamed at me and said: “You Doktah Keenbote! Come een, come een, welcome!” Her speech was a weird blend of lazy American vowels and razor-sharp “e’”s that made the skin of her ample amber-colored face assume a series of bizarre distortions. I guessed that this had to be she...
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Часть текста: и ноги, уже сплошь покрытые гладким солнечным лаком, на румяно-золотое лицо с облупившимся носом и только что накрашенным ртом. Откинутые со лба волосы отливали каштановым блеском, раковина маленького уха мерцала песчинками, в темноте трико сквозили еще более темные сосцы – и весь ее туго сидящий костюм с обманчивыми перехватцами и просветами, с тонкими бридочками на лоснящихся плечах, держался, как говорится, на честном слове, перережешь вот тут или тут, и все разойдется. Кречмар высыпал из ладони горсть легкого песка на ее втянутый живот. Магда открыла глаза, замигала от солнца, улыбнулась, косясь на любовника, и зажмурилась снова. Погодя она приподнялась и замерла в сидячем положении, обхватив колени. Теперь он видел ее голую спину, перелив позвонков, блеск приставших песчинок. «Постой, я смахну», – сказал он. Кожа у нее была горячая, шелковая. «Боже, – проговорила Магда. – Какое голубое море!» Оно было действительно очень голубое. Когда поднималась волна, то на ее блестящей крутизне кобальтовыми тенями отражались силуэты купальщиков. Мужчина в оранжевом халате стоял у самой воды и протирал очки. Откуда ни возьмись прилетел большой, разноцветный, как арлекин, мяч, прыгнул с легким звоном, и Магда, мгновенно вытянувшись, поймала его и встала и бросила его кому-то. Теперь Кречмар видел ее, окруженную солнечной пестротой пляжа, которая, однако, была сейчас для него мутна, настолько пристально он сосредоточил взгляд на Магде. Легкая, ловкая, с темной прядью вдоль уха, с вытянутой после броска рукою в сверкающей браслетке, Магда виделась ему как некая восхитительная заставка, возглавляющая всю его жизнь. Она близилась, он лежал ничком и наблюдал, как передвигаются ее маленькие ступни. Магда нагнулась над ним, и весело крякнув, игривым берлинским жестом хватила его по...
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Часть текста: for, since only a pharisaic parody of privacy could be attained by means of the incomplete partition dividing the cabin or room into two communicating love nests. By and by, the very possibilities that such honest promiscuity suggested (two young couples merrily swapping mates or a child shamming sleep to earwitness primal sonorities) made me bolder, and every now and then I would take a bed-and-cot or twin-bed cabin, a prison cell or paradise, with yellow window shades pulled down to create a morning illusion of Venice and sunshine when actually it was Pennsylvania and rain. We came to know nous connmes, to use a Flaubertian intonationthe stone cottages under enormous Chateaubriandesque trees, the brick unit, the adobe unit, the stucco court, on what the Tour Book of the Automobile Association describes as “shaded” or “spacious” or “landscaped” grounds. The log kind, finished in knotty pine, reminded Lo, by its golden-brown glaze, of friend-chicken bones. We held in contempt the plain whitewashed clapboard Kabins, with their faint sewerish smell or some other gloomy self-conscious stench and nothing to boast of (except “good beds”), and an unsmiling landlady always prepared to have her gift (“…well, I could give you…”) turned down. Nous connmes (this is royal fun) the would-be enticements of their repetitious namesall those Sunset Motels, U-Beam Cottages, Hillcrest Courts, Pine View Courts, Mountain View Courts, Skyline Courts, Park Plaza Courts, Green Acres, Mac’s Courts. There was sometimes a special line in the write-up,...
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Часть текста: of injustice and frustrationand every limit presupposes something beyond ithence the neutral illumination. And when you bear in mind that these were the raised eyebrows and parted lips of a child, you may better appreciate what depths of calculated carnality, what reflected despair, restrained me from falling at her dear feet and dissolving in human tears, and sacrificing my jealousy to whatever pleasure Lolita might hope to derive from mixing with dirty and dangerous children in an outside world that was real to her. And I have still other smothered memories, now unfolding themselves into limbless monsters of pain. Once, in a sunset-ending street of Beardsley, she turned to little Eva Rosen (I was taking both nymphets to a concert and walking behind them so close as almost to touch them with my person), she turned to Eva, and so very serenely and seriously, in answer to something the other had said about its being better to die than hear Milton Pinski, some local schoolboy she knew, talk about music, my Lolita remarked: “You know, what’s so dreadful about dying is that you are completely on your own”; and it struck me, as my automaton knees went up and down, that I simply did not know a thing about my darling’s mind and that quite possibly, behind the awful juvenile clichs, there was in her a garden and a twilight, and a palace gatedim and adorable regions which happened to be lucidly and absolutely forbidden to me, in my polluted rags and miserable convulsions; for I often noticed that living as we did, she and I, in a world of total evil, we would become strangely embarrassed whenever I tried to discuss something she and an older friend, she and a parent, she and a real healthy sweetheart, I and Annabel, Lolita and a...
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Часть текста: был закончен. Его предварительное название было «Райская птица», но, видимо, по мере того как роль кино в произведении росла и значилась, писатель заменил название на «Камера обскура». Впервые роман был опубликован в Париже в журнале «Современные записки» в 1932 году. В 1933 году он вышел отдельной книгой. В 1936 году в Лондоне был напечатан перевод на английский, сделанный У. Роем с поправками автора. Год спустя Набоков заново переписал роман по-английски и опубликовал в 1938 году под названием «Laughter in the Dark» («Смех в темноте»). Разночтения так велики, что английский вариант текста может считаться самостоятельным произведением. Изменены имена героев, отдельные элементы повествования отсутствуют или заменены другими, иногда разнятся сюжетные ходы и создана новая система литературных аллюзий. Таков пример набоковского понимания перевода текста на другой язык как перевода его в пространство другой культуры. «“Камера обскура” – литературное воплощение пословицы: “Любовь слепа”», – писал В. Ходасевич. Формулировка критика по краткости опережает собственное авторское определение романного сюжета, сделанное в английском переводе произведения «Смех в темноте», в его первом коротком абзаце, который даю в своем переводе: «Однажды в Берлине, Германии, жил человек по имени Альбинус. Он был богат, уважаем и счастлив; в один прекрасный день он бросил жену ради молодой любовницы; он любил, но любим не был, и жизнь его закончилась катастрофой». Этот абзац, понимаемый...